Measurements and Instrumentation
- Lecture Notes, Study Materials and Important questions answers

Subject : Measurements and Instrumentation

INTRODUCTION

1. Measurements and Instrumentation - Answer (click here)
2. Functional Elements of an Instrument - Answer (click here)
3. Static& Dynamic Performance Characteristics of an Instrument - Answer (click here)
4. Errors in Measurement - Answer (click here)
5. Statistical Evaluation of Measurement Data - Answer (click here)
6. Standard & Calibration - Answer (click here)
7. Important Short Questions and Answers: Measurements and Instrumentation - Introduction - Answer (click here)

ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS INSTRUMENTS

1. Principle and Types of Analog and Digital Voltmeters - Answer (click here)
2. Ammeters & Multimeters - Answer (click here)
3. Permanent Magnet Moving Coil Instrument (PMMC): Construction, Control, Torque Equation, Errors, Advantages and Disadvantages - Answer (click here)
4. Moving Iron Instruments: Classification, Construction, Torque Equation, Errors, Advantages and Disadvantages - Answer (click here)
5. Electrodynamometer (Eelectrodynamic) Type Instruments: Operating Principle, Control, Torque Equation, Errors, Advantages and Disadvantages - Answer (click here)
6. Rectifier Type Instruments - Answer (click here)
7. Types of Digital Voltmeter(DVM) - Answer (click here)
8. Single and Three Phase Wattmeters and Energy Meters: Construction and principle of operation - Answer (click here)
9. Electrodynamometer Wattmeters: Construction, Theory, Errors - Answer (click here)
10. Ferrodynamic Wattmeters - Answer (click here)
11. Three Phase Wattmeters - Answer (click here)
12. Instrument Transformers - Answer (click here)
13. Magnetic Measurements - Answer (click here)
14. Determination of B-H curve and Hysteresis Loop - Answer (click here)
15. Important Short Questions and Answers: Electrical and Electronics Instruments - Answer (click here)

COMPARISON METHODS OF MEASUREMENTS

1. D.C and A.C Potentiometers - Answer (click here)
2. D.C and A.C Bridges - Answer (click here)
3. Wheatstone bridge(Null-type, D.C. bridge) - Answer (click here)
4. Deflection-type D.C. bridge - Answer (click here)
5. Null-type impedance A.C bridge - Answer (click here)
6. Maxwell bridge: Definition, Circuit Diagram, Explanation, Advantages and Disadvantages - Answer (click here)
7. Schering Bridge: Definition, Circuit Diagram, Explanation, Advantages - Answer (click here)
8. Hay Bridge: Definition, Circuit Diagram, Explanation, Advantages and Disadvantages - Answer (click here)
9. Wien bridge: Definition, Circuit Diagram, Explanation, Advantages - Answer (click here)
10. Transformer Ratio Bridges & Self-Balancing Bridges - Answer (click here)
11. Interference and Screening - Answer (click here)
12. Electrostatic and Electromagnetic Interference - Answer (click here)
13. Grounding (or Earthing) - Answer (click here)
14. Multiple Earth and Earth Loops - Answer (click here)
15. Important Short Questions and Answers: Comparison Methods of Measurements - Answer (click here)

STORAGE AND DISPLAY DEVICES

1. Recorders - Answer (click here)
2. Magnetic Disk and Tape - Answer (click here)
3. Digital Plotters and Printers - Answer (click here)
4. CRT(Cathode Ray Tube) Display and its Parts - Answer (click here)
5. Digital Storage Oscilloscope: Block Diagram, Explanation, Advantages - Answer (click here)
6. Data Logger: Definition, Components, Examples, Advantages, Applications - Answer (click here)
7. LED-Backlit LCD Television - Answer (click here)
8. LCD & Dot Matrix Display - Answer (click here)
9. Important Short Questions and Answers:Storage and Display Devices - Answer (click here)

TRANSDUCERS AND DATA ACQUISITION SYSTEMS

1. Transducers - Answer (click here)
2. Classification of Electrical Transducers - Answer (click here)
3. Advantages and Disadvantages of Electrical Transducers - Answer (click here)
4. Characteristics of Transducer - Answer (click here)
5. Transducer Selection Factors - Answer (click here)
6. Resistance Transducers - Answer (click here)
7. Resistance Thermometers: Construction, Advantages, Limitations - Answer (click here)
8. Thermistors: Construction, Advantages, Limitations - Answer (click here)
9. Capacitive Transducers and its Application - Answer (click here)
10. Inductive Transducers - Answer (click here)
11. Digital Transducers - Answer (click here)
12. Piezoelectric Transducers - Answer (click here)
13. Hall-effect transducers - Answer (click here)
14. Data Acquisition Systems and its Elements - Answer (click here)
15. Advantages, Disadvantages and Applications of Data Acquisition Systems - Answer (click here)
16. Analogue-To-Digital Converters - Answer (click here)
17. Digital-To-Analogue (D/A) Conversion - Answer (click here)
18. Smart Sensors - Answer (click here)
19. Optical Transducer - Answer (click here)
20. Important Short Questions and Answers: Transducers - Answer (click here)